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植物的地上部分如叶、花、果实和幼茎的表皮细胞壁是靠角质层保护的。一般来说,角质层主要是由不溶性的角质聚合物构成的。角质聚合物是由嵌在蜡中的羟基脂肪酸和羟基环氧脂肪酸组成的,并且,角质层通过一层果胶性物质附着于细胞壁上。通常,角质层和纤维素的外部有大量的蜡,并且这种蜡主要聚集在角质层的内部。但显而易见,这是过于简单化的角质层的组成和结构。角质与蜡的结合很可能构成了病原菌进入植物组织的主要障碍。
The aerial parts of plants, such as leaves, flowers, fruits and young stems, are protected by the stratum corneum. In general, the stratum corneum is composed mainly of insoluble keratinous polymers. Keratinous polymers are composed of hydroxy fatty acids and hydroxyepoxy fatty acids embedded in wax, and the stratum corneum is attached to the cell wall by a layer of pectin. In general, there are a large amount of wax on the outside of the stratum corneum and the cellulose, and this wax mainly accumulates inside the stratum corneum. But obviously, this is too simplistic cuticle composition and structure. The combination of keratin and wax is likely to constitute a major obstacle for pathogens to enter plant tissues.