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日本采用契连柯夫计数器来探测释热元件的破裂情况。从反应堆活性区取出的水样利用契连柯夫辐射进行分析,这种辐射是由短寿命裂变碎片放出的高能β粒子通过水中时放出的。同目前所采用的γ能谱仪或缓发中子探测器比较起采,契连柯夫计算器更能保证分析的速度和灵敏度。泽见和山田(东京中央研究实验室)对释热元件破裂所时行的一些实验的结果表明,当水中裂变产物的浓度低于600微微居里/厘米~3时,信号计数同本底计数之比可达到10:1.对一般的反应堆系统来说,这一浓度相当于1厘米~2的核燃料表面的放射性。应用契连柯夫计数器的最大优点是:在含有衰变的裂变产物的水样中,光信号本身加强。计数管
Japan uses Cherenkov counter to detect the rupture of the fuel element. Water samples taken from the active area of the reactor were analyzed using the Cheney Cove radiation, which is emitted when high-energy beta particles released from short-lived fission fragments pass through the water. Compared with the current γ-ray spectrometer or delayed neutron detector, Cherenkov’s calculator can ensure the speed and sensitivity of the analysis. The results of some experiments conducted by Ze and Yamada (Tokyo Central Research Laboratory) on the rupture of the fuel element showed that when the concentration of fission products in water is below 600 pCi / cm3, the signal counts are the same as the background counts The ratio can reach 10: 1. For the average reactor system, this concentration is equivalent to 1 cm ~ 2 nuclear fuel surface radioactivity. The major advantage of using the Chevron counter is that the optical signal itself is strengthened in water samples containing decay fission products. Counting tube