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目的:探讨云和县农村育龄人群营养知识与优生优育知识认知情况,为贯彻优生优育政策提供参考。方法:选择云和县农村8个行政村280名育龄人群为对象,采取调查问卷形式对所有研究对象年龄、文化水平、营养知识知晓情况、优生优育认知情况及途径等相关方面进行统计分析。结果:280名调查对象对营养知识知晓119名,知晓率为42.50%,其中怀孕前是否主动咨询医生营养知识、叶酸补充方式正确率最低,分别为94名和97名,正确率为33.57%和34.64%,对营养不良或过剩危害认识正确280名,正确率为73.93%。;调查对象对优生优育知识知晓85名,知晓率为30.36%,其中导致畸形敏感孕周认识调查正确为31名,正确率为11.07%,对典型出生缺陷认识调查正确198例,正确率为70.71%;280名调查对象中,现阶段86例对象通过计生部门宣传资料了解优生优育知识,占30.71%;期望了解优生优育的知识途径中,189名对象希望通过计生部门或妇幼保健部门医生宣传了解优生优育的知识,占67.50%。结论:云和县农村育龄人群营养知识认知水平不高,优生优育认知水平较低,需加强宣教及孕前保健管理,推广在基层开展优生优育健康服务。
Objective: To explore the knowledge of nutrition and prenatal and postnatal care among rural children of child-bearing age in Yunhe County, and to provide reference for carrying out the policy of prenatal and postnatal care. Methods: Two hundred and eighty children of childbearing age group in eight administrative villages of rural area of Yunhe County were selected as subjects. Statistical analysis was carried out on all relevant aspects such as age, literacy level, knowledge of nutritional knowledge, cognition and ways of prenatal and postnatal care. Results: 280 of the respondents knew 119 nutritional knowledge, the awareness rate was 42.50%. Which preoperative understanding of the doctor’s nutritional knowledge, folic acid supplementation the correct rate was the lowest, 94 and 97, the correct rate was 33.57% and 34.64 %, Correct understanding of the malnutrition or excess of 280, the correct rate was 73.93%. ; 85 subjects were aware of prenatal and postnatal care knowledge, the awareness rate was 30.36%. Among them, 31 cases were diagnosed with abnormal pregnancy awareness, the correct rate was 11.07%. The correct understanding of typical birth defects was 198 cases with the correct rate of 70.71 %; Of the 280 surveyed subjects, 86 subjects at this stage learned about eugenics and fertility knowledge through publicity materials of family planning departments, accounting for 30.71% of the surveyed subjects; 189 of whom wished to know about prenatal and postnatal care knowledge through the family planning department or MCH department doctors Knowledge of prenatal and postnatal care, accounting for 67.50%. Conclusion: The cognitive level of nutritional knowledge among rural population of childbearing age in Yunhe County is not high, and the cognitive level of prenatal and postnatal care is low. It is necessary to strengthen the education on prenatal and prenatal care and to promote the health services for prenatal and postnatal care at grassroots level.