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目的研究苦楝叶石油醚提取物杀螺活性及对湖北钉螺软体组织糖原和蛋白质的生理生化影响,并进行鱼毒的测定。方法采用系统分离法分离苦楝叶不同极性部位,按照WHO“杀螺剂实验室终筛法”中的浸杀法筛选苦楝叶杀螺活性部位;采用蒽酮显色法、考马斯亮蓝法分别测定苦楝叶杀螺活性部位对钉螺软体组织糖原和蛋白质含量的影响;用斑马鱼急性毒性试验考察其对非靶生物的毒性。结果苦楝叶杀螺活性部位集中于石油醚提取物,经72h处理的LC50为101.6mg/L,并能显著降低钉螺软体组织糖原的含量,减少量为75.61%,且对斑马鱼毒性很小,72h的LC50为285.6mg/L。结论苦楝叶中可能含有安全有效的植物杀螺成分。
Objective To study the snail activity of petroleum ether extract from Melia azedarach and its physiological and biochemical effects on glycogen and protein of Oncomelania hupensis, and to determine its toxicity. Methods Different polar fractions of Melia azedarach were separated by systematic separation method. The active sites of Meloidogyne glauca were screened according to the immersion method in WHO " Method were used to determine the effect of the active site of Melia azedrioplate on the glycogen content and protein content of Oncomelania hupensis. The toxicity to non-target organism was determined by the acute toxicity test of zebrafish. The results showed that the active site of Myzus persicae was concentrated in the petroleum ether extract, and the LC50 after treatment for 72h was 101.6mg / L, which could significantly reduce the glycogen content of Oncomelania hupensis, with a decrease of 75.61% and the toxicity to zebrafish was very small The LC50 at 72 h was 285.6 mg / L. Conclusion Melia azedarach leaves may contain safe and effective plant killing ingredients.