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目的：对中药青核桃镇痛作用的研究情况进行介绍与展望。方法：用原子吸收分光光度计对青核桃中含有的镇痛活性成分进行了测定。以青核桃无机盐及模拟成分４ 种钾盐为实验样品，盐酸吗啡为阳性对照，用小鼠热板法、小鼠醋酸扭体实验、阻断麻醉实验等进行了多项镇痛实验。通过观察对大鼠丘脑束旁核痛反应神经元电活动的影响，对小鼠脑内钾、钙离子含量的影响，对小鼠脑内５ＨＴ 含量的影响等对青核桃镇痛机理进行探讨。介绍了本课题及国内外临床应用青核桃的情况。结果：中药青核桃中含有的无机钾盐是镇痛活性成分。多项镇痛实验表明：青核桃无机盐及模拟成分４ 种钾盐确有较强的镇痛作用。青核桃无机盐及模拟成分硫酸钾对大鼠丘脑束旁核痛神经元放电活动有显著影响；可影响小鼠脑内钾、钙离子含量，提高Ｋ＋／Ｃａ２＋ 比值；使小鼠脑内５ＨＴ 含量增加等说明钾盐在中枢神经系统作用下，可降低脑内钙含量增高钾含量，同时又激发某些神经元使之释放递质等调制了痛觉反应是其主要镇痛机理。国内外临床观察取得了较一致的结果，１０ ｍｉｎ 内止痛者占９０％ 以上，作用可持续４～６ ｈ。结论：本项研究提出了“钾能镇痛”的新论点。中药青核桃有可能成为较理想的镇痛新药。
Objective: To introduce and prospect the research of the analgesic effect of Qinghua walnuts. Methods: The analgesic active ingredients contained in green walnut were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Taking inorganic salts of green walnut and four kinds of simulated potassium salts as experimental samples, morphine hydrochloride was used as a positive control, and a number of analgesic experiments were performed using mouse hot plate method, mouse acetic acid writhing test, and blocking anesthesia experiment. By observing the effect on the electrical activity of pain-related neurons in the parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus, the influence of the content of potassium and calcium in the brain of mice, the influence of the content of 5-HT in the brain of mice on the analgesic mechanism of green walnut Explore. Introduced the topic and the clinical application of green walnuts at home and abroad. RESULTS: The inorganic potassium salt contained in the Chinese green walnut was an analgesic active ingredient. A number of analgesic experiments showed that the inorganic salts of green walnut and the four kinds of potassium salts of simulated components do have a strong analgesic effect. The inorganic salt of simulated walnut and potassium sulphate had significant effects on the firing activity of pain neurons in the parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus; it could affect the potassium and calcium content in the brain of mice and increase the K+/Ca2+ ratio; The increase of HT content indicates that potassium salt can reduce the calcium content in the brain and increase the potassium content under the action of the central nervous system. At the same time, it also stimulates certain neurons to release the transmitter, etc. The modulation of the pain response is its main mechanism of analgesia. The clinical observations at home and abroad have achieved more consistent results. The painkillers accounted for more than 90% within 10 minutes and the effect lasted 4 to 6 hours. Conclusion: This study proposes a new argument for “potassium analgesia”. The Chinese medicine green walnut may become an ideal new medicine for analgesia.