本文报告7例急性感染性多发性神经根炎的临床及尸解资料。男5例,女2例,年龄2～8岁。5例有前驱病史。主要病理改变是程度不同的髓鞘脱失。心脏镜检见心肌纤维浊肿及粘液交性,间质水肿。结合文献复习,着重探讨了本病的病理学特点及发病机理。并提出,在治疗和护理本病患者过程中,不仅要重视防治呼吸道感染,同时也须注意保护心脏功能。 This article reports seven cases of acute infectious multiple nerve root inflammation clinical and autopsy data. 5 males and 2 females, aged 2 to 8 years old. 5 cases had a history of prehistory. The main pathological changes are different degrees of demyelination. Myocardial microscopy showed myocardial fibrosis and mucocutaneous edema, interstitial edema. Combined with literature review, focusing on the pathological features of this disease and pathogenesis. And proposed that in the treatment and care of patients with this disease, not only should pay attention to prevention and treatment of respiratory infections, but also must pay attention to protect the heart function.