一、绪言多晶石墨材料的机械、物理性质受其原料和生产工艺显著影响。由于原料和生产工艺不同,使石墨材料的内部结构,即石墨化度、晶体粒度、定向性、气孔率等出现差别。因此,这些微观因子成为决定多晶石墨材料宏观性质的重要原因。为此,正确掌握这些物性的作用、效果对理解石墨材料的机械、物理性质是极其重要的。 I. INTRODUCTION The mechanical and physical properties of polycrystalline graphite materials are significantly influenced by their raw materials and production processes. Due to the different raw materials and production processes, the internal structure of graphite materials, namely graphitization, crystal size, orientation, porosity and other differences. Therefore, these microscopic factors have become the important reason for determining the macroscopic properties of polycrystalline graphite materials. For this reason, the correct understanding of the role of these physical properties, the effect of graphite material to understand the mechanical and physical properties is extremely important.