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本文叙述了滇南热带地区森林开垦后不同利用状况下土壤肥力演变的研究结果。垦后植胶15年来,胶园土壤的各种理化性状仍接近森林土壤,肥力相对稳定,垦后种农作物6年的农地土壤,其肥力明显变劣,如土壤容重增大,孔隙度降低,结构变差,水分含量下降,温度变幅增大,酸度增加,有机质和氮磷等养分含量大幅度下降,肥力显著降低。根据上述结果,提出了合理利用滇南热带区土地资源的初步意见。
This paper describes the results of the study on the evolution of soil fertility under different utilization conditions after forest reclamation in tropical South Yunnan. After cultivated for 15 years, the physical and chemical properties of the rubbery soil are still close to the forest soil, and the fertility is relatively stable. After 6 years of cultivation, the fertility of the agricultural soil is obviously worsened. For example, the soil bulk density increases and the porosity decreases , The structure became worse, the moisture content decreased, the temperature amplitude increased, the acidity increased, the organic matter, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus decreased significantly, and the fertility decreased significantly. Based on the above results, this paper put forward some preliminary opinions on how to make rational use of the land resources in the tropical zone of southern Yunnan.