股东是什么?与现代公司的名称一样,凡是知识公司者无不知道公司的股东存在。然而,令人惊讶的是,除英美法系外,其他各国的公司法或民法法典中,几乎无一就股东作出法律定义,股东似乎是人人皆知,因而无须法律予以界定的法律主体。至于股东权,也无法律定义,我国公司法更是如此。当然,法律规范的疏漏并不意味着学理上的盲区。学理上将股东从不同角度如投资主体、债权、股权持有人等方面进行了定性,而将股东权理解为基于股东身份所产生的一种法律地位,这种股东权是股东身份产生的全部权利的集合体。股东权有两个最基本的原则,有限责任原则和同股同权原则。有限责任原则是现代公司法律制度的基 What is a shareholder? Like the name of a modern company, any knowledgeable company knows the existence of the company’s shareholders. However, surprisingly, except for Anglo-American legal systems, there are very few legal or civil law codes in other countries that provide legal definitions for shareholders. Shareholders seem to be well-known legal entities that do not need legal definition. As for shareholder rights, there is no legal definition, even more so in our company law. Of course, the negligence of legal norms does not mean that academic blind spots. In theory, the shareholders from different angles such as the main investors, creditors, equity holders and other aspects of the qualitative, but the shareholder’s rights as a shareholder based on the status of a legal status arising from such shareholder rights are all generated by the identity of shareholders A collection of rights. There are two basic principles of shareholders’ rights, the principle of limited liability and the principle of same rights. The principle of limited liability is the basis of the modern company’s legal system