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采用搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)方法在Al基体中添加微米级Ni粉及(Ni+La_2O_3)混合粉末,制备Ni/Al及(Ni+La_2O_3)/Al复合材料。采用SEM、EDS及XRD对复合区微观结构及相组成进行分析,采用室温拉伸试验对Ni/Al、(Ni+La_2O_3)/Al复合材料力学性能进行了测试。结果表明:Ni/Al复合材料中主要成分为Al、Al3Ni和Ni粉团聚物,Ni粉团聚物尺寸粗大,形貌呈壳-核结构,核为团聚的Ni,壳为Al3Ni增强相层;La_2O_3对Al-Ni原位反应有较大影响,能够强化Al-Ni原位反应,生成更多增强相;La_2O_3阻碍了Ni粉的相互吸附和聚拢行为,从而减少了团聚现象;(Ni+La_2O_3)/Al复合材料的抗拉强度可以达到186 MPa,与Al基体(抗拉强度72 MPa)、纯Al FSP(抗拉强度90 MPa)、Ni/Al复合材料(抗拉强度144 MPa)相比,其抗拉强度分别提高了158%、107%、29%。
The Ni / Al and (Ni + La_2O_3) / Al composites were prepared by adding micron-sized Ni powder and (Ni + La_2O_3) mixed powder to Al matrix by friction stir processing (FSP) The microstructure and phase composition of the composite zone were analyzed by SEM, EDS and XRD. The mechanical properties of Ni / Al, (Ni + La_2O_3) / Al composites were tested by room temperature tensile test. The results show that the main components of Ni / Al composites are Al, Al3Ni and Ni powder agglomerates. The size of Ni agglomerates is coarse, the morphology is shell-core structure, the nuclei are agglomerated Ni, the shell is Al3Ni reinforced phase; La2O3 (Ni + La_2O_3) has a great effect on the in-situ Al-Ni reaction, which can enhance the in-situ Al-Ni reaction and generate more reinforcing phase. La_2O_3 hinders the mutual adsorption and aggregation behavior of Ni powder, / Al composites can reach 186 MPa. Compared with Al matrix (tensile strength 72 MPa), pure Al FSP (tensile strength 90 MPa) and Ni / Al composites (tensile strength 144 MPa) Its tensile strength increased by 158%, 107%, 29%.