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小麦单倍体育种,常用秋水仙碱处理麦苗,而使其染色体加倍。但秋水仙碱价格昂贵,处理过程复杂,处理后麦苗死亡率高,加倍率也不高。 我们发现,从夏播秋接获得的花培单倍体植株,经过冬季自然低温(0±3℃)后,翌年3月上旬移栽到大田(此时株高5—10厘米,但未分蘖),浇些N_6培养基大量元素母液,在春季低温(气温1.6—5.2℃,最低-4.6℃)影响下,茎叶紫红,生长停滞,但成活率达85％以上。待新的根、叶长出后,施入氮磷肥料(施用量为常规用量的2—3倍),麦苗旺盛生长,平均单株分蘖达10个以上。
Wheat haploid breeding, commonly used colchicine treatment of wheat seedlings, leaving its chromosomes doubled. However, colchicine is expensive, the process is complicated, the treatment of wheat seedlings mortality is high, the rate is not high. We found that the haploid plants from the sowing date were transplanted to the field in early March the following year after natural low temperature in winter (0 ± 3 ℃) ). The mother liquor of plenty of N_6 medium was poured into the medium. Under the influence of the spring low temperature (temperature 1.6-5.2 ℃, minimum -4.6 ℃), the stems and leaves were purple and grew stagnant, but the survival rate was over 85%. To be a new root, leaves grow, the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer (application rate of 2-3 times the conventional amount), strong growth of wheat seedlings, the average tillering of up to 10 per plant.