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目的了解国外输入性麻疹病例的流行病学特征以及传播情况。方法对1例输入性病例及其密切接触者进行流行病学调查并采集血清、尿液、咽拭子等标本检测麻疹病毒和抗体。结果该例输入性病例的麻疹病毒基因型为D9,该基因型并非我国本地流行株;2名最密切接触者有一过性自行缓解的低热表现,且1名2次检测麻疹IgG抗体浓度较高(均>5000mIU/ml),其余12名密切接触者均未出现明显麻疹症状。结论输入性D9基因型麻疹病毒可感染密切接触者,但此次输入尚未引起进一步的病例传播,现行麻疹疫苗株在人群中的免疫仍能阻止输入病毒发病扩散。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and spread of imported measles cases abroad. Methods One case of imported cases and their close contacts were investigated by epidemiology, and samples of serum, urine and throat swab were collected to detect measles virus and antibody. Results The genotype of measles virus in this case was D9. This genotype was not endemic in China. The two closest contacts had transient hypothermia with transient self-remission, and one twice-tested measles IgG antibody had a higher concentration (All> 5000mIU / ml), the other 12 close contacts were not obvious measles symptoms. Conclusion The imported D9 genotype measles virus can infect close contacts, but this case has not yet caused further case transmission. Immunization of the current measles vaccine strain in the population can still prevent the spread of the imported virus.