利用杂种优势是提高农作物产量、品质和抗性的一个有效途径,而研究各种作物的雄性不育,又是利用杂种优势的一个重要手段。雄性不育现象在自然界普遍存在。从本世纪初开始,在各种作物中已先后发现了雄性不育现象。而在农业生产上利用雄性不育生产杂交种,还是本世纪中期开始应用的一 The use of heterosis is an effective way to improve the yield, quality and resistance of crops. To study the male sterility of various crops is also an important method to utilize heterosis. Male infertility is widespread in nature. Since the beginning of this century, male infertility has been found in various crops successively. The use of male-sterile hybrids in agricultural production, or the beginning of this century, the application of a