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文学本质上都是虚构的,写实文学却不断地给人以真实的感觉。原因在于写实文学是以接近现实的方式表现人与现实的正常关系,受众可以借助写实文学还原现实。而这个过程往往被感性的读者当成是发现真理的过程。于是,写实文学也被当成是建构真理的某种方式。以“建构真理”的者自居正是写实文学隐藏虚构的重要方式。笔者认为客观叙述,线性叙事和情境再现的表达方式是写实文学“建构真理”的主要途径,因此本文将从这三个方面来揭示写实文学的虚构性特征。
Literature is essentially fictional, realistic literature is constantly giving people a real feeling. The reason is that realistic literature shows the normal relationship between man and reality in a way that is close to reality, and the audience can make use of realistic literature to restore reality. This process is often perceived by perceptual readers as the process of discovering truth. Thus, the realist literature is also regarded as some way of constructing the truth. It is an important way to hide the fictionalism of the realistic literature in order to “construct the truth” by “”. The author believes that objective narration, linear narration and expression of situational reappearance are the main ways of realistic literature “construction of truth ”. Therefore, this article will reveal the fictitious characteristics of realistic literature from these three aspects.