1978年以来,中国中学理科课程经历了变化发展的过程。在这个过程中,理科课程存在三个主要问题:理科课程取向问题;能力培养问题;理论联系实际问题。这三方面问题同中国社会文化有着内在的联系,同西方国家理科课程相关理念也存在着很大关系。发展中国家应树立自信,避免“文化缺陷”和“理性差异”的影响,建立适合自己的理科课程。 Since 1978, the Chinese middle school science curriculum has undergone a process of change and development. In this process, the science curriculum has three main problems: the orientation of the science curriculum; the problem of ability cultivation; and the connection of the theory with the practical problems. These three issues are intrinsically linked to Chinese social culture, which is also closely related to the concepts related to science curricula in Western countries. Developing countries should establish self-confidence, avoid the influence of “cultural defects ” and “rational differences ”, and establish their own science courses.