近年来的国内外调查资料表明,医院内机会致病的细菌性肺炎主要是革兰氏阴性杆菌肺炎。这种肺炎主要见于:①慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)或慢性心、肝、肾疾病者;②气管切开或嗜酒、麻醉、镇静剂应用过量导致全身或呼吸道防御功能减低者;③长期应用糖皮质激素或免疫抑制剂、细胞毒类药物的胶原血管病、白血病、肿瘤患者;④长期机械通气或雾化吸入者。革兰氏阴性杆菌肺炎主要 In recent years, domestic and international survey data show that the hospital opportunistic bacterial pneumonia is mainly Gram-negative bacilli pneumonia. This pneumonia is mainly seen in: ① chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic heart, liver, kidney disease; ② tracheotomy or alcohol abuse, anesthesia, sedation overdose lead to systemic or respiratory defenses were reduced; ③ long-term use of sugar Corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents, cytotoxic drugs, collagen angiopathy, leukemia, cancer patients; long-term mechanical ventilation or inhalation. Gram-negative bacilli pneumonia mainly