物料运输是一个重要的技术问题,有些物料的运输费用超过其开采或生产费用的几倍。目前世界上约有3亿多辆汽车,每小时要消耗约300万吨液体燃料和900万吨大气层的氧。在城市和人口稠密的居民点,60％的一氧化碳和12％的氮化物废气都是由汽车运输中排放的。汽车运输所造成的污染问题,其复杂性在于无法将排放的有害气体与人们所呼吸的空气隔离开。技术的飞速发展导致了环境的严重污染,这已危及到地球上动植物和人类的正常生存条件。目前的各种运输设备往往是成本高,受 Material transport is an important technical issue, and some materials cost more than a few times the cost of mining or production. There are currently more than 300 million vehicles in the world, consuming about 3 million tons of liquid fuel and 9 million tons of atmospheric oxygen per hour. In cities and densely populated settlements, 60% of carbon monoxide and 12% of nitrous oxide emissions are emitted from motor transport. The complexity of the pollution problems caused by motor transport is the inability to isolate the emissions of harmful gases from the air that people breathe. The rapid development of technology has led to serious pollution of the environment, which has endangered the normal living conditions of animals and plants and human beings on Earth. The current variety of transportation equipment is often costly, subject to