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目的调查北京市办公环境中不良建筑综合征(sickbuildingsyndrome,SBS)的发生率,并探讨与其发生相关的危险因素。方法于2009年4月中旬采用自填问卷的方式共调查北京城区16间中小型办公室,102名室内办公人员。问卷包括主观症状的发生情况、环境自我感知情况、社会心理信息以及健康自我感知状况。与此同时,监测建筑物的室内环境因素。数据采用广义线性模型及多水平模型进行建模、分析。结果室内办公人员SBS相关症状的发生率为67.4%(62/92)。依据单因素方差分析结果,与SBS症状发生呈正相关的因素有办公室内使用复印机、自觉温度过高、自觉光线过亮、自觉通风不良、自觉灰尘过多、自觉环境嘈杂、自觉空气发霉、自觉有辐射、工作满意度差、自觉健康状况差(P<0.05)。广义线性模型结果显示工作压力及自觉健康状况与SBS症状的发生相关(P<0.05)。结论办公环境中SBS的发生很常见,应更多关注于其危险因素的研究。
Objective To investigate the incidence of sick building syndrome (SBS) in office environment in Beijing and to explore the risk factors associated with its occurrence. Methods A total of 16 small and medium-sized offices and 102 interior office workers in Beijing urban area were surveyed by self-completed questionnaire in mid-April, 2009. The questionnaire includes the occurrence of subjective symptoms, environmental self-perception, social psychological information and health self-perception status. In the meantime, monitor the building’s indoor environmental factors. The data are modeled and analyzed by generalized linear model and multi-level model. Results The incidence of SBS-related symptoms in office workers was 67.4% (62/92). According to the results of one-way ANOVA, the factors that positively correlated with the symptoms of SBS were the copiers used in the office, consciously over-temperature, consciously bright light, poorly conscious ventilation, excessive dust, conscious noisy environment, Radiation, job satisfaction, poor health status (P <0.05). Generalized linear model results showed that the working pressure and conscious health status correlated with the occurrence of SBS symptoms (P <0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of SBS in the office environment is very common and more attention should be paid to the study of its risk factors.