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迄今生产的家用冰箱的99%只使用过三种制冷剂:二氧化硫(SO_2),氯甲烷(CH_3C_1)和R12。SO_2和氯甲烷首先用在开启式皮带传动的系统中,后来用于封闭系统中。两者都出现过物质兼容性问题,工业界又都找到了独特的解决方法。用二氧化硫本身作润滑剂的无油压缩机曾经商业化生产过。仅仅在白油被证实是一种兼容性好的油之后,SO_2才用在封完备系统中,本文将历史性地回顾SO_2、CH_3C1和R12的兼容性方面的问题。随着R12完全禁用的日益逼近和替代它的R134a的可能使用,本文也评述了这种制冷剂的兼容性;同样,也将涉及到在情况特殊的第三世界国家可能使用的替代工质R152a,也考虑了与劳伦兹循环相关的混合工质使用的可能性。希望有关物质兼容性(NCLR)在美国的研究结果将能自动解决更新的替代制冷剂的兼容性的问题。
Only 99% of domestic refrigerators manufactured to date use only three refrigerants: sulfur dioxide (SO_2), methyl chloride (CH_3C_1) and R12. SO 2 and methyl chloride were first used in open belt drive systems and later in closed systems. Both have experienced material compatibility issues, and industry has found unique solutions. Oil-free compressors that use sulfur dioxide itself as a lubricant have been commercially produced. Only after white oil has proven to be a compatible oil is SO2 used in a sealed system. This article reviews historically the SO_2, CH_3C1, and R12 compatibility issues. This article also reviews the compatibility of this refrigerant as R12 becomes completely disabled and the potential use of R134a instead of it; as well as alternative refrigerants R152a that may be used in special third world countries , Also considered the possibility of mixed working fluids associated with the Lorentz cycle. Hopefully, the results of research on material compatibility (NCLR) in the United States will automatically address the issue of compatibility of newer alternative refrigerants.