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纳米纤维的制备和应用是纳米材料研究中极为活跃的领域和发展前沿。静电纺丝法作为一种能够直接、连续制备聚合物纳米纤维的方法,受到广泛关注。本文利用电纺技术制备了聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alconhol,PVA)纳米纤维,考察了PVA溶液静电纺丝中PVA浓度,纺丝电压和接收距离等电纺参数对PVA纤维形成及其微观形貌的影响。实验结果表明,PVA浓度对PVA纤维形成和形貌起决定作用,随PVA浓度的提高,块体转变为均匀纤维,纤维直径逐渐增加;当接收距离和溶液流速恒定时,随纺丝电压的提高,纤维平均直径有缓慢提高的趋势;接收距离几乎不影响PVA纳米纤维的微观形貌。通过实验确定了制备PVA纳米纤维最佳条件为:电纺溶液组成为10%PVA水溶液,纺丝电压:15kV,流速:0.5mL/h,接收距离:15cm。
The preparation and application of nanofibers are extremely active fields and frontiers in the research of nanomaterials. Electrospinning as a direct and continuous preparation of polymer nanofibers method, has received widespread attention. In this paper, polyvinyl alconhol (PVA) nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The effects of PVA concentration, spinning voltage and receiving distance on the formation of PVA fibers and their microscopic morphology were investigated in electrospinning of PVA solution influences. The experimental results show that the concentration of PVA plays a decisive role in the formation and morphology of PVA fibers. With the increase of PVA concentration, the bulk is transformed into uniform fibers, and the diameter of fibers increases gradually. When the receiving distance and solution flow rate are constant, , The mean diameter of the fibers tends to increase slowly; the receiving distance hardly affects the micro-morphology of the PVA nanofibers. The optimal conditions for preparation of PVA nanofibers were determined by experiments: the composition of electrospinning solution was 10% aqueous solution of PVA, the spinning voltage was 15kV, the flow rate was 0.5mL / h, the receiving distance was 15cm.