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本文认为下面五种非定域干涉场是干涉领域里的基本干涉场,即:平面波和发散球面波的干涉场;平面波和会聚球面波的干涉场,发散球面波和发散球面波的干涉场;发散球面波和会聚球面波的干涉场以及平面波和平面波的干涉场。着重分析了前四种干涉场的空间分布和性质,给出表示每种干涉场的标准方程。在干涉场的记录方面,说明了干涉场和干涉图形之间的关系以及每种干涉图形的性质。然后,比较四种干涉图形,得出它们在径向分布上的共同点和在纵向分布上的不同点。由共同点得出:在菲涅尔近似条件下,四种干涉场所形成的干涉图都可以认为是波带片或全息透镜,并且分析了它们的成象性质。由不同点的分析得出,理想全息成象应满足两个条件,即:衍射成象条件和反射成象条件。最后,分析了干涉场的形状对平面全息图记录位置的影响。
In this paper, the following five kinds of non-stationary interfering fields are considered as the basic interfering fields in the field of interference, namely: the interference field of plane wave and divergent spherical wave; the interference field of plane wave and converging spherical wave, the interference field of divergent spherical wave and divergent spherical wave; The interfering fields of diverging and converging spherical waves, and the interfering fields of plane and plane waves. The spatial distribution and properties of the first four interfering fields are emphatically analyzed, and the standard equations for each interfering field are given. In the field of recording of interference fields, the relationship between interference fields and interference patterns and the nature of each interference pattern are illustrated. Then, the four interference patterns are compared to find their common points in the radial distribution and the differences in the longitudinal distribution. From the common ground, it can be concluded that under the condition of Fresnel approximation, the interferograms formed by the four kinds of interfering fields can all be regarded as zone plates or holographic lenses, and their imaging properties are analyzed. From different points of analysis, the ideal holographic imaging should meet two conditions, namely: diffraction imaging conditions and reflection imaging conditions. Finally, the influence of the shape of the interference field on the recording position of the plane hologram is analyzed.