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Tansmission grating spectrometers are extensively used tomeasure absolute X-ray spectra in a photon-energy rangebelow 1000 eV. The transmission grating, as its dispersive element, must be calibrated to obtain its diffraction efficiencies.Calibrations of absolute diffraction efficiencies of the transmissiongrating at photon energy of 844 eV have been carried out onBeijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility. With the aid of gratingmodel, all of the grating structure parameters have been determinedand the absolute diffraction efficiencies in a photon-energy rangebelow 2000 eV have also been calculated and discussed.