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软件雇员侵权(Software piracy by employees)现象,在国外和国内都是一个很引人注意的问题.近几年,我国软件侵权案中,很多是因雇员侵权引起的.软件雇员有两个很明显的特点,一是接触技术,即雇员受雇于技术岗位,对所开发的软件很了解(而这也使雇员自然被确定与该软件“有接触”);二是流动性,雇员可以很方便地“另谋高就”,或自己当起雇主或另受雇于他人.既然是有技术,又流动,这些人便很可能带走了原岗仕上的一部分知识产权.若其行为超过了法律许可的界限,便会引起权利纠纷.就计算机软件(程序和文档)来说,如果雇员擅自把权利属于原来雇主的作品加以发表,使用(复制、发行、修改、翻译、注释等)或采取其它必须经授权才能执行的行为,都会构成侵权.这两年来,这类纠纷案的共同特点是:雇员离开原岗位之后,带走原有软件,再经改头换面,迅速地制成一个“新作品”,推向市场.软件是功能性作品,不像文学作品那样,读者总是欣赏原作的魅力.经过“改进”后的软件,由于售价便宜,往往受到用户的欢迎而把原来的软件被挤出市场,使真正的权利人蒙受严重损失.原雇主在这种情况下,便会运用法律武器去维护自己的权益.1996年,广东省软件侵权鉴定分析专家组接受省版权局委托进行鉴定的一个案件,是较为典型的雇员侵权案例.
Software piracy by employees phenomenon is a very attractive issue in foreign countries and in China.In recent years, many software infringement cases in our country are caused by employees' infringement.The software employees have two obvious problems The first is touch technology where employees are employed in technical positions and are knowledgeable about the software being developed (which in turn allows employees to be “naturally exposed” to the software); secondly, liquidity and employee convenience If they are skilled and migrant, they may well have taken away some of their intellectual property rights from the original post. If their behavior goes beyond the law Licensing boundaries can give rise to disputes over rights. In the case of computer software (programs and documentation), employees who publish, publish, modify, translate, annotate, or otherwise publish works whose rights belong to the original employer In the past two years, the common feature of such disputes was that after the employees left their original posts, they took away the software they used and resurfaced them to make a “ Works ”, to the market.Software is a functional work, unlike literary works, readers always appreciate the charm of the original.After“ improved ”after the software, due to cheaper prices, often by the user's welcome and the original software Was out of the market, so that the real rights holders suffered serious losses.Of this case, the original employer will use legal weapons to safeguard their own rights and interests.In 1996, the Guangdong Provincial Software Tortry Analysis and Accreditation Panel commissioned by the Provincial Copyright Bureau A case of identification is a typical case of employee infringement.