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目的:分析海岛地区1999-2008年水质卫生现状,为改善海岛居民饮水卫生提供科学依据。方法:依据国家生活饮用水卫生标准,采用生物质量指数法对集中式供水和分散式供水水质进行监测和卫生学评价。结果:10年间自来水合格率为45.57%,项次合格率为92.56%,10年总体平均值卫生质量指数均Pi<1;按年份分析,锰、耗氧量、浑浊度超标,卫生质量指数Pi>1;简易水站自流水合格率为11.52%,项次合格率为86.87%,年平均值细菌总数、总大肠菌群、浑浊度超标,卫生质量指数Pi>1;井水合格率为4.54%,项次合格率为87.15%,年平均值细菌总数、总大肠菌群、浑浊度超标,卫生质量指数Pi>1。自来水存在耗氧量、锰、铁超标问题,而分散式供水主要存在消毒问题。结论:应加强水资源保护综合治理工作,提高水质净化消毒能力,确保海岛饮水卫生安全。
Objective: To analyze the status quo of water quality and hygiene in island areas from 1999 to 2008, and to provide a scientific basis for improving drinking water hygiene of island residents. Methods: According to the national sanitary standards for drinking water, the biological quality index method was used to monitor the concentration of water supply and decentralized water supply and evaluate hygiene. Results: The passing rate of tap water in 10 years was 45.57%, and the pass rate was 92.56%. The overall average health quality index of 10 years was Pi <1. According to the analysis of years, the levels of manganese, oxygen consumption, turbidity exceeded, and the health quality index Pi > 1. The qualified rate of self-flowing water at simple water station was 11.52% and the passing rate of the line was 86.87%. The annual average bacterial count, total coliform bacteria, turbidity exceeded and health quality index Pi> 1. The well water passing rate was 4.54 %, The pass rate was 87.15%, the average annual total number of bacteria, total coliform bacteria, turbidity exceeded, health quality index Pi> 1. Tap water present oxygen consumption, manganese, iron over standard problems, while the main disadvantage of decentralized water supply disinfection. Conclusion: The comprehensive management of water resources protection should be strengthened to improve the water purification and disinfection capacity and ensure the hygiene and safety of island drinking water.