“判决性实验”是指能够决定性地判决对立的两个假说或理论中的一个为“真”而另一个为“假”的实验。究竟有没有“判决性实验”一直是西方科学哲学界争论的话题,这个问题本身涉及到实践对理论的检验。解决“判决性实验”难题必须坚持实践标准的确定性与不确定性的统一,唯有在科学实践中才能使“判决性实验”涉及的理论选择问题得到解决。 “Verdict” refers to an experiment in which one of two hypotheses or theories that can decisively decide on opposition is “true” and the other is “false.” Whether there is any “adjudgement experiment” has always been a topic of debate in the western philosophy of science and philosophy, and the issue itself involves the test of practice by theory. To solve the “decisive experiment ” problem must adhere to the unity of the certainty and uncertainty of the practice standard, and only in scientific practice can the problem of theoretical choice involved in the “decisive experiment” be solved.