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问:在植物进化当中菌类和藻类植物,那一类是比较高级的植物?在初中植物课本上是先讲藻类后讲菌类,好象菌类比藻类高级一些似的,但是从它们形态构造生活来看菌类又比藻类简单一些,再从出现年代来看菌类比藻类要早得多了,到底怎样? 答:关于“在植物进化当中,菌类和藻类植物那一类是比较高级的植物?”这一问题,不能够笼统地作出答复。藻类和菌类是“低等植物”中的两大类,前者包括蓝藻门、绿藻门、褐藻门、红藻门……等,它们基本上是“自养的”,自己能够制造有机食物;后者包括细菌门、粘菌门和真菌门,它们基本上是“异养”的,自己不能制造有机食物。每一门的低等植物,在植物界的进化历史上都代表着一条独立的发展路线,彼此之间看不出有明显的亲缘关系使植物学家一致承认某门植物是由某门植物进化而来。藻类和菌类这两大类中包括的内容都很庞杂,都有由简单发展到复杂,由低级发展到高级的类型,所以就不能笼统地说藻类比菌类高级,或菌类比藻类高级。
Q: In the evolution of plants, fungi and algae, which is more advanced plants? In junior high school textbooks is to tell the algae after the leaching of bacteria, like fungi higher than algae, but from their morphology From the point of view of emergence age, fungi are much earlier than algae, how exactly? In the end, about “In the evolution of plants, fungi and algae are compared Senior plant? ”This question can not be generally answered. Algae and fungi are two types of “lower plants”, the former including Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta ... and so on, they are basically “self-supporting”, they can produce organic food ; The latter includes bacterial, phylum, and fungal doors that are essentially “heterotrophic” and that they themselves can not make organic food. The lower plants of each door represent an independent path of development in the evolutionary history of the plant kingdoms and do not show any clear kinship with each other so that botanists can unanimously admit that a certain plant has evolved from a certain plant Come. Algae and fungi include these two categories are very complex, all from simple to complex, from low to advanced type, it can not be generally said that algae than fungi higher, or fungi higher than algae .