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目的探讨红细胞形态和ＡＴＰ酶活性及红细胞变形性对急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）的影响。方法选择正常对照组３０例，老年 ＡＭＩ患者３３例，观察其红细胞几何形态，测定红细胞膜ＡＴＰ酶活性及红细胞变形性。结果（１）ＡＭＩ组口形、嵴形、类球形等异常红细 胞检出率显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）ＡＭＩ最大变形指数（ＤＩｍａｘ）及综合变形指数（ＩＤＩ）均低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；（３）ＡＭＩ 组Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性及Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性均低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论ＡＭＩ患者ＡＴＰ酶活性减低使红细胞几何形 态异常，可影响红细胞变形性，是加重梗死边缘区心肌缺血缺氧，影响ＡＭＩ发生发展及预后的重要因素之一。
Objective To investigate the effects of erythrocyte morphology, ATPase activity and erythrocyte deformability on acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods Thirty patients in the normal control group and 33 elderly patients with AMI were selected. The erythrocyte geometry was observed and the erythrocyte membrane ATPase activity and erythrocyte deformability were measured. Results (1) The detection rate of abnormal erythrocytes in AMI group was significantly higher than that in normal control group (P <0.01). (2) The maximal deformation index (DImax) and comprehensive deformity index (IDI) (P <0.05). (3) The activities of Na + -K + -ATPase and Ca2 + -Mg2 + -ATPase in AMI group were lower than those in normal control group (P <0.01). Conclusions The decrease of ATPase activity in patients with AMI may lead to the abnormal erythrocyte geometry, which may affect the deformability of erythrocytes. It is one of the important factors that aggravate myocardial ischemia and hypoxia in AMI and affect the occurrence and prognosis of AMI.