经济体制改革促进了我国农业经济的发展。但是,农村经济和社会发展很不平衡,还存在许多问题。农业投入不足,物质技术基础脆弱,粮食主要产区出现了产粮越多,包袱越重的反常现象,因而,财政赤字较大。造成农业经济地区财政困难的原因是复杂的,主要有以下几个方面。一是有些政策不利于农业的发展。就全国而言,由于工业起步较晚,在工业化进程中,农业承担起为工业积累资金的历史重任。国家对农产品实行低价统购政策,农业经济因此而受到很大制约,由于农业生产力落后,劳动者创造的国民收入大部分转化为消费基金被其自身消费掉,发展经济的能力十分有限。 Economic system reform has promoted the development of China’s agricultural economy. However, the rural economy and social development are imbalanced, and many problems still exist. Inadequate investment in agriculture leads to a fragile material and technological basis. As a result, anomalies such as more grains and heavier burdens occur in the major grain-producing areas, resulting in larger fiscal deficits. The causes of financial difficulties in the agricultural economy are complicated, mainly in the following aspects. First, some policies are not conducive to the development of agriculture. As far as the whole country is concerned, because industry started later, in the process of industrialization, agriculture assumed the historical responsibility of accumulating funds for industry. The state has implemented a policy of low-cost purchase of agricultural products. As a result, the agricultural economy has been greatly hampered. Due to the backward agricultural productivity, most of the national income created by laborers is transformed into consumption funds, which are consumed by themselves and their economic development capability is very limited.