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抛开光子、量子、数据流等新型计算机不说,现代计算机的体系结构主要遵循的还是冯诺依曼体系结构。此结构的一个主要特点就是共享数据,即先将程序和数据存放在共享存储器内,CPU再取出指令和数据进行相应的运算。存储器的容量、速度和价格是影响计算机性能的关键指标。常用的内存储器和CPU的速度差异很大,这是造成计算机性能瓶颈的重要原因。为了协调CPU和内存的工作速度,通常在系统中集成由静态随机存储器SRAM组成的二级缓存。本文浅谈了SRAM的工作原理、主要特点和用途。
Excluding photons, quantum, data flow and other new computers do not say that the modern computer architecture is still followed by von Neumann architecture. A key feature of this architecture is shared data, that is, programs and data are first stored in shared memory and the CPU retrieves instructions and data for the corresponding operations. Memory capacity, speed, and price are key metrics that affect computer performance. Commonly used memory and CPU speed vary widely, which is an important reason for computer performance bottlenecks. In order to coordinate CPU and memory speed, it is common to integrate a level two cache of static random access memory SRAM in the system. This article talked about the working principle of SRAM, main features and uses.