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已有滑坡敏感性研究中对评价指标的选取可以归结为气象、水文、地形、地质、植被、人类活动等方面,这些因子指标来源不一,在缺少数据资料地区难以完整收集。针对这个问题,考虑到目前DEM数据的广泛可获得性及其对滑坡评价的重要性,本文仅利用DEM数据及其派生因子,研究土质滑坡敏感性评价的可行性。研究中把评价因子分为2组:第1组数据仅由DEM派生,包括高程、坡度、坡向、地形起伏度、曲率、水流强度指数(Stream Power Index,SPI)、沉积运输指数(SedimentTransport Index,STI)、地形湿度指数(Topographic Wetness Index,TWI);第2组数据作为对照组,除了包括上述DEM派生的8个因子外,同时加入植被覆盖度、土地利用、土壤类型、年均降雨量因子。本文分别选取逻辑回归模型和证据权法,基于上述2组评价因子,以德化县为例对比2组因子评价结果,利用第1组和第2组数据进行滑坡敏感性评价,结果精度分别为73%和83%。结果表明,仅利用DEM数据进行土质滑坡敏感性评价方法可行,可以为缺乏资料区滑坡敏感性评价提供借鉴。
In the research of landslide susceptibility, the selection of evaluation index can be attributed to such aspects as meteorology, hydrology, topography, geology, vegetation and human activities. These indicators have different sources and are difficult to be collected in the areas lacking data. In view of this problem, taking into account the wide availability of DEM data and its importance to landslide evaluation, this paper only uses the DEM data and its derived factors to study the feasibility of soil landslide susceptibility evaluation. In the study, the evaluation factors were divided into two groups: Group 1 data were derived from DEM only, including elevation, slope, aspect, topographic relief, curvature, SPI (Stream Power Index), Sediment Transport Index , STI) and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI). In addition to the eight factors derived from the above-mentioned DEM, the data from the second group were added to vegetation coverage, land use, soil type, annual average rainfall factor. Based on the above two groups of evaluation factors, Dehua County was used as an example to compare the evaluation results of two groups of factors. Landslide susceptibility was evaluated using data from Groups 1 and 2. The accuracy of the results was 73% and 83%. The results show that it is feasible to use only the DEM data to evaluate the sensitivity of soil landslide, which can provide reference for the lack of landslide susceptibility evaluation in the data area.