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目的探讨腺样体肥大患者的认知功能改变,进一步指导临床。方法对70名10～19岁腺样体肥大患者采用《基本认知能力测验》(2.0版)进行认知功能检查。结果除无意义图形再认以外,基本认知能力总分及各分项分均为两个高年龄组低于10～12岁组。总分13～15岁组与10～12岁组差异有显著性(P=0.039);汉字比较13～15、16～19岁组分别与10～12岁组的差异均有显著性(P值分别为0.007、0.001);双字词再认16～19岁组与10～12岁组的差异有显著性(P=0.029)。两个高年龄组基本认知能力的印象评定均显著差于10～12岁组。除无意义图形再认外,总分及各分项分均为男性差于女性,其中总分及汉字比较、双字词再认男女差异均具有显著性(P分别为0.028、0.000、0.028)。结论腺样体肥大是认知功能损害的重要因素,认知速度、记忆能力的损害尤为显著;12岁是一重要的分界年龄;同等基线条件下男性的认知功能损害重于女性。建议早期手术治疗,对于男性相对放松手术指征,以减少对患者认知功能的损害。
Objective To investigate the change of cognitive function in patients with adenoid hypertrophy and further guide the clinical practice. Methods 70 patients aged 10-19 years with adenoid hypertrophy using “basic cognitive ability test” (version 2.0) for cognitive function tests. Results except for meaningless graphics recognition, the basic cognitive ability of the total score and the sub-items are two high-age group less than 10 to 12-year-old group. The total score of 13 ~ 15 years old group and 10 ~ 12 years old group difference was significant (P = 0.039); Chinese characters compared 13 ~ 15,16 ~ 19 years old group and 10 ~ 12 years old group difference was significant (P value Respectively, 0.007,0.001); double-word recognition of 16 to 19 years old group and 10 to 12 years old group difference was significant (P = 0.029). The impressions of basic cognitive ability in two high age groups were significantly worse than those in 10 ~ 12 age group. Except the non-meaningless graphic recognition, the total score and the sub-items were all worse than the male ones. The total score and Chinese characters were compared, and the double-word words recognized the significant differences between men and women (P = 0.028,0.000,0.028, respectively) . Conclusions Adenoid hypertrophy is an important factor of cognitive impairment, especially cognitive speed and memory impairment. 12-year-old is an important demarcation age. Under the same baseline conditions, male cognitive impairment is more serious than female. It is recommended that early surgical treatment, for men relatively relaxed indications for surgery to reduce cognitive impairment in patients.