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目的 探讨中国艾滋病病人合并卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（PCP）的诊断、治疗及PCP的发生与CD4+细胞水平相互关系。方法 对1998～2000年诊断的9例PCP进行全面分析。结果100％有发热,66.7％有咳嗽,77.8％有呼吸困难及咳痰。动脉血氧分压均降低,胸片呈间质样改变,乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）升高,病毒载量极高,CD4+细胞极度减少（平均20/mm3）。复方新诺明（SMZco）治疗反应良好且安全。结论 （1）9例中国艾滋病病人发生 PCP时其细胞免疫功能极度低下。（2）艾滋病合并PCP的特异性诊断是找到病原体,但是典型的临床表现、胸片呈双肺囊状或网状改变、动脉血氧分压降低、LDH升高及SMZco治疗有效可以诊断PCP。
Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and the relationship between the occurrence of PCP and the level of CD4 + cells in Chinese AIDS patients. Methods Nine cases of PCP diagnosed from 1998 to 2000 were analyzed comprehensively. Results 100% had fever, 66.7% had cough, 77.8% had difficulty breathing and expectoration. Arterial oxygen partial pressure were reduced, chest X-ray showed interstitial changes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased, high viral load, CD4 + cells were extremely reduced (average 20 / mm3). The SMZco treatment responded well and safely. Conclusions (1) The cellular immune function of 9 AIDS patients in China is extremely low when PCP occurs. (2) Specific diagnosis of AIDS complicated with PCP is to find the pathogen, but the typical clinical manifestations of the chest X-ray showed cystic or reticular cyst changes, decreased arterial oxygen tension, elevated LDH and SMZco treatment can effectively diagnose PCP.