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周扬、胡风的文艺思想是同中见异、各显风姿的两种现实主义文艺思想。两者都是以政治为起点和归宿，强化主体的政治实践、文艺的政治性质和功能的文艺观。它们之间最大的分歧在于对创作主体的界定上，周扬的创作主体，主要是阶级和党派的主体，或者说是理性化和社会化的主体，而胡风的创作主体则肯定内隐理性与非理性，社会性与自然性的意义。对政治内涵的理解两人也有差异，导致了两者在诸如题材，世界观与创作方法的关系等问题上的不可调和的冲突。
Zhou Yang and Hu Feng’s literary thoughts are two realistic literary thoughts with the same appearance and different meanings. Both are starting from the political and the fate, to strengthen the main part of the political practice, literary and artistic nature of the literature and art features. The biggest difference between them lies in the definition of the main body of creation, Zhou Yang’s main body of creation, mainly the main body of class and partisan, or the main body of rationalization and socialization, while the main body of Hu Feng affirms the implicit rationality and Irrational, social and natural significance. There are also differences in the understanding of political connotations, leading to irreconcilable conflicts between the two on such issues as the theme, the relationship between the world outlook and the method of creation.