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采用乙醇浸提-有机溶剂萃取法、超声波辅助提取法、乙醇浸提-柱层析分离法3种方法提取小花棘豆中的总生物碱,比较3种方法总生物碱的提取率。3种方法的总生物碱提取率分别为0.0008%、0.0032%、0.0080%。故选用乙醇浸提-柱层析分离法。通过正交试验,得到乙醇浸提最佳工艺条件为:提取温度30℃,乙醇浓度75%,物料比1∶15(g/mL)。表明以75%乙醇为溶剂,用乙醇浸提-柱层析分离法制备小花棘豆总生物碱,获得率最高。
The total alkaloids were extracted by ethanol extraction - organic solvent extraction, ultrasonic - assisted extraction and ethanol extraction - column chromatography. The extraction rates of total alkaloids were compared. The total alkaloid extraction rates of the three methods were 0.0008%, 0.0032% and 0.0080%, respectively. Therefore, the choice of ethanol extraction - column chromatography. Through orthogonal test, the optimum conditions of ethanol extraction were as follows: extraction temperature 30 ℃, ethanol concentration 75%, material ratio 1:15 (g / mL). The results showed that the total yield of total alkaloids of Oxytropis angustifolia was obtained by ethanol extraction and column chromatography with 75% ethanol as the solvent.