婴幼儿的肝功能、肾功能、中枢神经系统、内分泌系统等发育尚未完善,因此对一些药物的处理能力不如成年人,容易发生不良反应。新生儿用氯霉素后易引起灰婴综合征(grey syndrome),出现腹胀、呕吐、紫绀、重度休克、呼吸衰竭以及死亡,这和肝内某些酶系统发育不完善,葡萄糖醛酸结合能力较差有关;巴比妥、吗啡、维生素K类药物均易引起新生儿发生不良反应。幼儿对一些氨基糖甙类抗生素经肾排泄速度比成人缓 Infants and young children’s liver function, renal function, central nervous system, endocrine system development is not yet perfect, so the ability to handle some drugs than adults, prone to adverse reactions. Neonates with chloramphenicol easily lead to gray syndrome (grey syndrome), bloating, vomiting, cyanosis, severe shock, respiratory failure and death, which is not the development of certain liver enzymes and imperfect system, glucuronic acid binding ability Poor about; barbiturates, morphine, vitamin K drugs are easily cause neonatal adverse reactions. Childhood on some aminoglycoside antibiotics by the renal excretion rate slower than adults