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目的了解住院患者医院感染率与抗菌药物使用情况,为提高医院感染管理水平提供依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,结合床旁调查和病历调查,对某三级综合医院2015年4月14日0:00-24:00的住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查。结果应调查892人,实际调查883人,实际调查率为98.99%。发现医院感染病例20例,24例次,医院感染现患率为2.27%,例次患病率为2.72%。重症医学科感染率为57.14%;医院感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占50.00%;共分离出病原菌15株;抗菌药物使用率为23.10%,治疗用药占78.92%,预防用药占13.24%,一联用药占88.73%。治疗性使用抗菌药物病原学送检率为56.37%。结论应加强重点科室、重点环节、高危人群的医院感染预防与控制,提高治疗性抗菌药物病原学送检率,指导合理使用抗菌药物,加强医院感染集束化防控措施的落实。
Objective To understand the prevalence of nosocomial infection and the use of antibacterials in hospitalized patients, so as to provide basis for improving the management of nosocomial infections. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients at a tertiary general hospital from April 24, 2015 to January 0, 2015 in combination with the bedside investigation and medical records. The results should be investigated 892 people, the actual survey of 883 people, the actual investigation rate was 98.99%. Found 20 cases of nosocomial infections, 24 cases, the prevalence of nosocomial infections was 2.27%, the prevalence was 2.72%. The prevalence rate of infection was 57.14% in the Department of Critical Care Medicine; the respiratory tract was the most common in the hospital, accounting for 50.00%; 15 strains of pathogens were isolated; the usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 23.10%, treatment medication 78.92%, prophylaxis 13.24% Medication accounted for 88.73%. Therapeutic use of antimicrobial etiology sentinel rate was 56.37%. Conclusion The prevention and control of nosocomial infections in key departments, key links and high-risk groups should be strengthened, the etiological rate of therapeutic antimicrobial agents should be increased, the rational use of antimicrobial agents should be guided, and the implementation of cluster prevention and control measures for nosocomial infections should be strengthened.