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原发性高血压(EHT)系多因性、多机制发病,且受遗传和环境因素影响。部份不伴重要危险因子的轻型高血压可经非药物综合治疗得到控制,某些降压药物可导致血钾、血脂等异常而使冠心病危险性增加。因此,EHT 治疗应考虑利益一危险比例(B/R)的概念。当控制血压的效益远大于降压药物的潜在危险时,可合理选用或联用降压药物。传统的分级治疗方案已被 B/R 概念判断的、更为灵活而合理的用药所取代。在不适用利尿剂或/和β-阻滞剂者,哌唑嗪可首选为起始治疗。
Essential hypertension (EHT) is a multi-cause, multi-mechanism disease, and genetic and environmental factors. Some of the non-critical risk factors associated with mild hypertension can be controlled by non-drug combination therapy, some antihypertensive drugs can lead to abnormalities such as potassium, blood lipids and coronary heart disease risk increased. Therefore, EHT treatment should consider the concept of benefit-hazard ratio (B / R). When the benefits of controlling blood pressure is far greater than the potential risk of antihypertensive drugs, it may be reasonable to use or combination of antihypertensive drugs. The traditional classification of treatment programs have been B / R concept to determine the more flexible and rational drug replacement. Prazosin may be the preferred initial treatment if diuretics or / and beta-blockers are not available.