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目的:了解唐山市地区儿童病毒性脑炎的病原学特征。方法:选择2009年1月～2012年12月在唐山市妇幼保健院进行治疗的166例病毒性脑炎疑似患儿为研究对象,入选病例急性期均做血常规检查,采用荧光PCR方法对脑脊液进行病毒检测,采用ELISA的方法检测血清病毒IgM抗体。结果:所有标本中,EV71病毒检出率最高,为20.5%,其次为CV病毒,检出率为12.7%,位居第三位是HSV病毒,检出率为9.6%。PCR和ELISA检测对EV71、CV和HSV检出率有统计学差异(P<0.05)。﹤3岁和≥3岁儿童病原体总检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PCR检测和ELISA检测对病原体总检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:唐山地区儿童病毒性脑炎的病原体仍以肠道病毒71型、柯萨奇病毒及单纯疱疹病毒为主;尤以3岁以下儿童易感,应加强此类儿童群体的防控;应联合应用PCR与ELISA检测,提高病原体的检出率。
Objective: To understand the etiological characteristics of children with viral encephalitis in Tangshan. Methods: A total of 166 children with viral encephalitis who were treated in Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2009 to December 2012 were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected during the acute phase of the selected cases. Fluorescent PCR Virus detection, ELISA method for the detection of serum viral IgM antibodies. Results: The highest detection rate of EV71 was 20.5% in all the samples, followed by CV virus, the detection rate was 12.7%, and the third was HSV virus with the detection rate of 9.6%. PCR and ELISA detection of EV71, CV and HSV detection rate was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was significant difference in the total detection rate of pathogens in children <3 years old and ≥3 years old (P <0.05). PCR detection and ELISA detection of the total detection rate of pathogens, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: The pathogens of children with viral encephalitis in Tangshan are still mainly enterovirus 71, Coxsackie virus and herpes simplex virus. Especially in children under 3 years of age, the prevention and control of these children should be strengthened. Combined detection of PCR and ELISA to improve the detection rate of pathogens.