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目的对滁州市CDC2004～2007年预防狂犬病门诊就诊者的登记资料及流行病学监测资料进行监测分析。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对暴露者的登记资料及当地狂犬病流行病学资料进行分析。结果4年间共有12种动物不同程度伤人11024例,其中被犬伤害者由2004年的84.03%降至2007年的65.03%,猫伤由2004年的12.28%上升至2007年的28.12%,其他动物如鼠、兔等肇事呈逐年增多趋势;被动物伤害后常规接种人用狂犬病疫苗,Ⅲ级暴露者加注狂犬病人免疫球蛋白,4年来无免疫失败现象;免疫人群中,年龄最小为出生19d,最大93岁,小于1岁39例,大于80岁78例;接种狂犬病疫苗者中,7支组和6支组阳性率均显著优于5支组;接种狂犬病疫苗联合狂犬病人免疫球蛋白者与单用狂犬病疫苗者相比,无明显自动免疫力滞后现象。结论对狂犬病暴露者彻底清洗、消毒伤口,并全程接种狂犬病疫苗,Ⅲ级暴露者加注狂犬病人免疫球蛋白,可以阻止狂犬病发生。
Objective To monitor and analyze the registration data and epidemiological surveillance data of CDC patients from 2008 to 2007 in Chuzhou City. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the registration data of the exposed persons and the epidemiological data of local rabies. Results A total of 1224 animals were injured in 11 024 cases to some extent in 4 years. Among them, the number of those who were injured by dogs decreased from 84.03% in 2004 to 65.03% in 2007, and the cats’ cats rose from 12.28% in 2004 to 28.12% in 2007. Other Animals such as rats and rabbits showed a trend of increasing year after year; rabies vaccination of rabies patients was routinely vaccinated after being injured by animals; immunization of rabies patients with immunoglobulin of grade III exposure did not result in immune failure in 4 years; and among the immunized groups, the youngest was born 19d, a maximum of 93 years old, less than 1 year old in 39 cases, more than 80 years of age in 78 cases; rabies vaccine inoculation, 7 and 6 groups were significantly better than the positive rate of 5 groups; rabies vaccination vaccination rabies immunoglobulin Compared with rabies vaccine alone, no obvious autoimmune delay. Conclusion rabies disease exposed thoroughly cleaned and disinfected the wound, and the full vaccination of rabies vaccine, Ⅲ level exposed rabies immunoglobulin, can prevent the occurrence of rabies.