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利用离体诱变方法,对37份材料进行了抗根腐病突变体的离体筛选。研究了辐射对小麦不同外植体离体培养的影响和毒素的筛选效果,获得了两个抗病突变体。以突变体及其亲本为材料,在毒素作用下研究了过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶等防御酶系以及细胞超显微结构的变化。研究表明,毒素可使上述酶的活性,同工酶谱和线粒体、叶绿体结构发生改变。这些变化与它们的抗病性强弱相一致。突变体在毒素作用下,具有较强的防御酶活性,而细胞内膜系统破坏较小则是产生较强抗性的原因。
Thirty-seven materials were screened in vitro against root rot mutants using in vitro mutagenesis. The effects of radiation on in vitro culture of different explants of wheat and screening of toxins were studied, and two disease-resistant mutants were obtained. The mutants and their parents were used as materials to study the changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (SOD) activities such as peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase. Studies have shown that toxins can make the above enzyme activity, isozymes and mitochondria, chloroplast structure changes. These changes are consistent with their resistance to disease. Mutants in the role of toxins, with strong defense enzyme activity, and less damage to the cell membrane system is the reason for the emergence of stronger resistance.