被动句是和主动句相对而言的。主动句的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的施行者,是施事主语。被动句的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的受事者,是受事主语。被动句的谓语都是由及物动词充当的,上古汉语中一般不带宾语,因为宾语充当了受事主语。被动句可分为两大类:一、概念上的被动句;二、形式上有标志的被动句。下面分别加以介绍。 Passive sentences and active sentences relative terms. The subject of the active sentence is the actor of the action expressed by the predicate verb, which is the subject of action. The subject of the passive sentence is the subject of the action indicated by the predicate verb and the subject of the act. The predicates of passive sentences are all treated as transitive verbs. In ancient Chinese, there is usually no object, because the object acts as subject. Passive sentences can be divided into two categories: First, the concept of passive sentences; Second, the formal signs of passive sentences. The following were introduced.