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将原产于日本的17个大豆种质资源引种至我国四川盆地栽培,并对其引种前后的籽粒品质性状进行分析评价,探究引种大豆在四川盆地的适应性,以期为丰富西南大豆种质资源提供参考。品质性状变异分析结果表明,大豆异黄酮的变异系数大,除苷元外均达到30%以上,而其余性状的变异系数也均大于10%。与引种前相比,各供试大豆的可溶性蛋白含量普遍升高,而脂肪酸、可溶性多糖和异黄酮含量普遍降低。基于引种大豆11个品质性状的主成分聚类分析,将供试的17份种质资源划分为五大类,其中,Ⅰ类大豆为高脂肪酸品种,其生育期适中,亚油酸含量大于55‰,可作为高油脂杂交育种亲本材料加以利用;Ⅲ类大豆为高蛋白型品种,可作为豆制品开发原材料加以利用;Ⅴ类大豆为高异黄酮型品种,可作为功能性成分原料来源加以利用。
The 17 soybean germplasm resources originating in Japan were introduced into the cultivation of Sichuan Basin in China and their grain quality traits were analyzed and evaluated before and after the introduction of soybean germplasm resources to explore the adaptability of introduced soybean in Sichuan Basin in order to enrich the resources of southwest soybean germplasm for reference. The results of variation analysis of quality traits showed that the coefficient of variation of soybean isoflavone was more than 30% except the aglycones, while the coefficient of variation of the other traits were all more than 10%. Compared with the pre-introduction, the content of soluble protein in the tested soybeans increased generally while the content of fatty acids, soluble polysaccharides and isoflavones generally decreased. Based on the principal components clustering analysis of 11 quality traits in introduced soybean, 17 germplasm resources were divided into five categories. Among them, Ⅰ-type soybean was a high-fatty acid variety, its growth period was moderate, its content of linoleic acid was more than 55 ‰ , Which can be utilized as the parent material for high-oil cross breeding. Type III soybean is a high-protein type that can be utilized as a raw material for soybean product development. Grade V soy is a high-isoflavone type that can be utilized as a source of functional ingredients.