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大数据时代的来临,带来了生活、工作与思维的大变革.在医学领域,21世纪以来,随着社会经济的发展和医疗卫生的进步,人类疾病谱正在发生改变,疾病种类不断增多,病因、诊断及治疗的复杂性也在逐渐增加.为提高人类的健康水平,探索疾病的发生、发展规律,需要我们不断探究,通过对医学大数据的充分挖掘和利用,从海量的知识中发现隐藏其中的规律.这对于提高医学信息管理水平,为诊断和治疗疾病提供理论和方法学的支持,促进临床实践和决策将发挥重要的作用.本文以大数据为背景,对大数据的由来、意义、分类、特征、数据挖掘和医学数据挖掘的研究进展、应用和未来发展进行综述.“,”The era of big data has brought a big revolution that will transform the way we live,work,and think.In medical field,as the development of social economics and medicine since 21 century,the human disease spectrum has been changing,the disease type has been increasing,and the complexity of the etiology,diagnosis and treatment of disease have been gradually increasing.In order to improve the healthy level,and explore the law of disease occurrence and development,we should constantly research to find discipline in enormous knowledge by fully mining and using the big medical data.It will be helpful to improve the level medical information management.And it can be supportive to the diagnosis,treatment,clinical practice and decision-making.We did the review under the background of big data,and the mean contact of this review is about the origin,meaning,classification,features of big data as well as the research process,application and future development of data mining,especially clinical data mining.