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目的:探讨肺结核并发肺部感染病原菌分布特点及影响因素。方法:选择东阳市人民医院2017年1月至2019年12月收治的肺结核患者80例，其中并发肺部感染患者34例，无并发肺部感染患者46例，采集肺部感染患者痰液标本，分离培养病原菌。采用多因素logistic回归分析影响肺部感染独立危险因素。结果:肺部感染34例患者，分离病原菌43株，其中革兰阴性菌27株(占62.79%)、革兰阳性菌13株(占30.23%)、真菌3株(占6.98%)。经单因素分析表明，感染组和无感染组性别、体质指数、合并高血压和合并高脂血症差异均无统计学意义(χn 2＝0.147、1.343、1.236、0.535，均n P>0.05)；感染组和无感染组年龄、合并糖尿病、侵入性操作和住院时间差异均有统计学意义(χn 2＝15.301、5.639、14、854、12.279，均n P0.05). There were statistically significant differences in age, diabetes, invasive operation and hospitalization time between the infection group and the non infection group(χn 2=15.301, 5.639, 14.854, 12.279, all n P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, combined with diabetes, invasive operation and length of stay were the risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with pulmonary infection.n Conclusion:Gram negative bacteria are the main pathogens in pulmonary tuberculosis patients complicated with pulmonary infection.Pulmonary infection is affected by many factors.In order to prevent pulmonary infection, targeted preventive measures should be taken.