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犯罪学是对犯罪行为的研究。这个术语是十九世纪末期的法国人类学家托皮纳(P.Topinard)在著作中首先使用的。但在比这更早的时期,贝卡里亚(C.Beccaria 1738—1794年)和边沁(1748—1832年)就先后发表了有关刑罚学的重要研究和对罪犯的处理方法的著作。古里(A.Guerry)在1829年出版了关于法国犯罪行为的地理分布的分析,比利时数学家凯特勒(A.Quetelet)在1835年发表了他的关于法国、比利时,卢森堡和荷兰犯罪行为的社会分布的研究著作(题目为《论人类及其财产的发展:社会物理学论文集》)。这些调查基本上是关于
Criminology is the study of criminal behavior. This term was first used in the writings of the French anthropologist P. Topinard in the late nineteenth century. However, earlier than this, Beccaria (C. Beccaria, 1738-1994) and Bentham (1748-1832) published important works on penal studies and writings on how to deal with criminals. A. Guerry published an analysis of the geographical distribution of French crime in 1829, when Belgian mathematician A. Quetelet published in 1835 his society about crimes in France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands Distributed research work (entitled “On the development of mankind and its property: Proceedings of social physics”). These surveys are basically about