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为了深入分析熊蜂在新疆伊犁温室番茄上的授粉行为及对营养品质的影响,以地熊蜂为材料,观察地熊蜂日活动规律,测定其出巢温度、授粉温度、蜂群30 min内的出巣数及工作时间;分别对熊蜂授粉、座果灵蘸花授粉处理(对照)的番茄进行可溶性固形物、硬度、维生素C、还原糖、总酸及种子数等营养成分的测定,明确番茄储藏期间可溶性固形物、硬度的变化规律。结果表明,地熊蜂出巢、授粉温度分别为8℃和9℃,日工作时间为10 h,在13:00左右熊蜂的出巢数达到最大值;熊蜂授粉处理的番茄,其维生素C、可溶性固形物含量、硬度和种子数显著高于对照,呈极显著性差异(P<0.01);经回归方程预测,熊蜂授粉处理的果实储存时间比对照延长5.75 d,提高番茄的保质期和营养价值。
In order to analyze the pollinating behavior and the impact on nutrition quality of Bumblebee on greenhouses in Yili, Xinjiang, Bombus durianus was used as material to observe the activity of Bombus durianus and determine its exit temperature, pollination temperature, Number and working time of the tomato were measured respectively. To determine the nutrient content of soluble solid, hardness, vitamin C, reducing sugar, total acid and the number of seeds in tomato pollination, Soluble solids, hardness changes. The results showed that the temperature and time of pollination were 8 ℃ and 9 ℃, respectively. The daily working time was 10 h, and the number of bumblebee reached the maximum at about 13:00. The pollinated tomato had its vitamin C, soluble The content of solid, hardness and seed number were significantly higher than those of the control (P <0.01). The regression equation was used to prolong the shelf life and nutritional value of tomato by 5.75 d after pollination.