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数学观察力,是新课标中提出学生应必备的一种重要数学能力;这种能力的培养,应该从小学低年级数学教学开始。要使这一阶段的培养达到较好的效果,不但要有意识地对学生进行思维方法的训练,同时更重要的是要把握好时机对学生观察能力的培养,即必须做到观察内容的指导,观察顺序的引导和观察方法的训练。一、观察内容的指导1.观察物体数量的多与少。小学低年级数学教材中蕴含着丰富的观察内容,学生在学习新知识时,主要依赖两种经验前提,一是已有的观察方法;二是旧有知识基础。学生观察物体数量的多与少,首先从观察单一物体数量的多少入手,然后逐步发展为不同类物体分类数量的多少,最后还要训练学生能从不同角度将物体分类数数。例如,一年级第一学期教材第35页,这幅图把10个方块分成二部分,有几种分法?首先我和学生一起进行观察,然后让学生摆出10个正方
Mathematical observation power is proposed in the new curriculum standard students should be an important mathematical ability; This ability should be from the lower elementary mathematics teaching began. In order to achieve good results in this stage, we not only need to consciously train students in ways of thinking, but more importantly, we must grasp the opportunity to train students’ abilities of observation, that is, to observe the contents, Observe the sequence of guidance and observation methods of training. First, observe the content of guidance 1. Observe the number of objects with less. The mathematics teaching materials of the lower grades in primary schools contain a wealth of observations. When students learn new knowledge, they mainly rely on two kinds of experience preconditions, one is the existing observation methods, and the other is the old knowledge base. Students observe the number of objects with more and less, starting with the number of observations of a single object to start with, and then gradually developed into the number of different types of objects, and finally train students to classify objects from different angles. For example, the first semester of the first grade textbook on page 35, this picture divides 10 blocks into two parts, there are several points? First, I observed with the students, and then let the students put 10 square