国外谘询业已经有百余年的发展历史,在发达的资本主义国家,目前有数以百计专门提供技术、经济、管理、培训等服务的谘询公司和协会,还有众多的独立开业的谘询专家,有些工业研究机构、大学也提供谘询服务。此外,某些政府工业和经济部门、国际机构也提供谘询性援助,如联合国工业发展组织就经常提供这类援助。多年来,谘询专家为各工业国的经济发展作出了很大贡献,他们是有价值的技术和经验的储备力量,可补充各工业机构和政府部门的技术力量的不足。目前各工业国,除了政府外,发展较快的公司企业,大多数都利用了谘询专家。发展中国家的一些组织机构,由于迅 In the developed capitalist countries, there are currently hundreds of consulting firms and associations that specialize in the provision of technical, economic, managerial, training and other services. There are also a large number of independently-run consultants Consultation experts, some industrial research institutes and universities also provide consultation services. In addition, some government industrial and economic sectors and international agencies also provide advisory assistance, such as the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, which often provides such assistance. Over the years, consultants have made a significant contribution to the economic development of various industrialized countries. They are reserves of valuable technology and experience that complement the technical power of various industrial agencies and government departments. At present, most industrial countries, with the exception of the government, have made use of consultants for the rapid development of corporate enterprises. Some organizations in developing countries, due to rapidity