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目的分析狂犬病的流行特征,探讨狂犬病流行相关因素,为防制提供科学依据。结论收集1956-2009年阳朔县狂犬病疫情资料及个案调查表,采用EXCEL进行数据整理,采用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果阳朔县54年间共报告狂犬病病例200例,病死率为100%,以春冬季多发,年发病率为0～7.47%,全县9个乡镇均有病例分布。男女性别比为4.6∶1,各年龄段均有发病,60岁以上年龄组多发。发病以农民为主,报告病例个案调查表显示,未做伤口处置的病例高达85.71%,处置不及时的病例占14.29%,未接种过疫苗的病例占85.17%。不同病例潜伏期差异显著,以40～90d居多,病程较短且临床表现各异。结论阳朔县54年间狂犬病的流行情况呈波动性,1993年疫情控制后,2003年又出现反弹。犬只管理不到位、人群缺乏狂犬病的防治知识、防范意识差或者暴露后无免疫接种是其流行的主要因素。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies and explore the related factors of rabies epidemic so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control. Conclusion The epidemiological data of rabies in Yangshuo County from 1956 to 2009 were collected and the questionnaire was collected. The data were collected using EXCEL software and analyzed by SPSS software. Results A total of 200 cases of rabies were reported in Yangshuo County during the 54 years. The case fatality rate was 100%. The incidence rate was 0 to 7.47% in spring and winter. There were 9 cases in the county. Sex ratio for men and women 4.6: 1, all age groups have morbidity, multiple age over 60 years. The incidence of mainly peasants, the reported case case survey showed that no cases of wounds up to 85.71%, 14.29% of cases not treated in time, unvaccinated vaccine cases accounted for 85.17%. Different cases of significant differences in latency, with 40 ~ 90d majority, shorter duration and different clinical manifestations. Conclusion The prevalence of rabies in Yangshuo County fluctuated over the 54 years. After the outbreak was controlled in 1993, the epidemic rebounded again in 2003. Dog management is not in place, the crowd lack of prevention and treatment of rabies knowledge, awareness of poor prevention or no immunization after exposure is the main factor in its popularity.