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赤霉病属气候性病害,一旦暴发流行,就会对小麦产量和品质构成极大威胁。赤霉病导致小麦品质下降,出粉率低,种子发芽率下降,出苗率差,减产20%~50%,病麦人、畜吃后会中毒,对人畜危害严重。近10年以来,小麦赤霉病在沿江地区重发年份有3年,分别为2003、2010、2012年,以2012年发生最为最重,发生程度为大发生。江苏省南通市种植小麦15.33万公顷,赤霉病发生面积15.25万公顷,全市开展了以赤霉病为主攻对象的病虫总体防治面积24.5万公顷,比2010年多7.5万公顷。可最终因诸多因素影响仍造成小麦产量至少减产5%左右的经济损失。
Fusarium head blight is a climatic disease, once the outbreak epidemic, it will pose a great threat to wheat yield and quality. Fusarium head blight leads to the decline of wheat quality, the low rate of powder production, the decrease of seed germination rate, the poor germination rate and the reduction of yield by 20% ~ 50%. Over the past 10 years, wheat head blight has been re-issued in the Yangtze River areas for three years, respectively in 2003, 2010 and 2012, with the heaviest occurrence in 2012 and the occurrence of serious occurrence. 153,300 hectares of wheat were planted in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, and 152,500 hectares of head blight occurred. The city’s overall area of prevention and control of pests and diseases with scab as its main target was 245,000 hectares, 75,000 hectares more than in 2010. Can eventually result in economic losses caused by many factors at least 5% reduction in wheat output.